Bazi · Four Pillars of Destiny

The ten gods 十神: what everything else in your chart is to you

A bazi chart contains eight characters, and exactly one of them is you. That leaves seven others, plus the stems hidden inside the branches, and none of them mean anything on their own. They mean something in relation to you. The ten gods are the names for those relations, and they are the reason two people can be born with the same character in the same position and get opposite readings from it.

This is the vocabulary every bazi interpretation in the world is written in. It is also the part most English-language readings skip, which is why so many of them sound like horoscopes: strip out the relational grammar and all that is left is a list of adjectives.

Nothing is being worshipped here, incidentally. The god is , which in this compound means roughly agent or animating factor, the same sense it carries in the names of the spirit-stars. Ten agents, ten jobs.

First there are five

There are five elements, so there are exactly five things another character can be to your day master. No sixth position exists, and the list is closed by arithmetic rather than by tradition:

Companion

your own element, standing where you stand

Resource

the element that feeds your day master

Output

the element your day master pours into

Wealth

the element your day master spends itself on

Influence

the element that disciplines your day master

These five are the labels your life chart already prints against each pillar and each scored year. Traditional practice goes one step further, and the step is the whole subject.

Then polarity splits each one in two

Every heavenly stem is either yang or yin. When two characters meet, the tradition holds that matching polarity repels and opposing polarity attracts, exactly as two magnets do, and that the relation between them behaves accordingly.

Matched polarity gives an interaction with nothing between the two parties to soften it: blunt, forceful, uneven, and hard to bind into an arrangement. Opposing polarity gives one that binds and behaves itself. The classical names record the difference honestly. The discipline relation met at matching polarity is 七杀, seven killings. The identical relation met at opposing polarity is 正官, the direct officer, and the word running through half these names means proper, upright, on the level.

Five relations, two polarities, ten gods. That is the entire derivation, and everything below follows from it.

The ten gods

Shown as a Yang Wood day master sees them, the conventional teaching row. Your own row is in the table further down, and the pairings shift with your day master while the ten roles never change.

比肩 Bi Jian

Peer

Companion · Yang Wood · matched polarity

Someone standing exactly where you stand: your element, your polarity. A sibling, a peer, a direct competitor who wants what you want in the way you want it.

Working well: Backbone. Charts heavy in Peer hold their position under pressure and are extremely hard to talk out of a conviction.

Working badly: Immovability, and an inability to accept help without reading it as a verdict on your competence.

劫财 Jie Cai

Rob Wealth

Companion · Yin Wood · opposing polarity

Your element in the opposite polarity: close enough to share your resources, different enough to spend them differently. The friend who borrows the car.

Working well: Nerve. This is the character that lets a cautious chart take a real risk, usually in company.

Working badly: Leakage. Money and credit both go out the door with people you like, and the classical name says so plainly.

食神 Shi Shen

Eating God

Output · Yang Fire · matched polarity

What you produce when nobody is watching: the element your day master pours into, at matching polarity, so it flows easily and without strain.

Working well: The most comfortable character in the system. Appetite, craft, humor, the ability to make things for the pleasure of making them.

Working badly: Drift. Everything gets made and nothing gets finished, because finishing is not the enjoyable part.

伤官 Shang Guan

Hurting Officer

Output · Yin Fire · opposing polarity

The same outward flow at opposing polarity, which makes it sharp rather than easy. Its name says it injures the Officer, meaning it attacks exactly the character that represents rules.

Working well: Brilliance and genuine originality. Most performers, critics, and reformers are carrying it.

Working badly: Contempt for authority as a reflex rather than a judgment, and a talent for saying the true thing in the most expensive possible way.

偏财 Pian Cai

Indirect Wealth

Wealth · Yang Earth · matched polarity

What your day master spends itself on, at matching polarity: wealth that arrives sideways. Windfalls, opportunities, other people's money in motion.

Working well: Generosity and a good nose for an opening. Traders and dealmakers run on it.

Working badly: Money that never rests anywhere long enough to become anything.

正财 Zheng Cai

Direct Wealth

Wealth · Yin Earth · opposing polarity

The same relation at opposing polarity, which binds instead of passing through: earned, held, and accounted for. Salary rather than windfall.

Working well: Steadiness with resources, and the patience to build something that compounds.

Working badly: Tightness, and measuring things that should not be measured.

七杀 Qi Sha

Seven Killings

Influence · Yang Metal · matched polarity

The element that disciplines your day master, arriving at matching polarity so there is nothing to soften it. The name means seven killings, and the tradition does not apologize for it.

Working well: Under pressure this is the best character in the chart. Crisis authority, physical courage, and an unusual tolerance for being disliked while doing the necessary thing.

Working badly: Force met with force. A life organized around opponents, real or recruited.

正官 Zheng Guan

Direct Officer

Influence · Yin Metal · opposing polarity

The same discipline at opposing polarity, so it binds rather than attacks: legitimate authority, the rule you agreed to, the post you were appointed to.

Working well: The classical mark of respectability. Reliability, office, and a reputation that survives scrutiny.

Working badly: Rule-following past the point where the rule made sense, and a fear of the improvised.

偏印 Pian Yin

Indirect Resource

Resource · Yang Water · matched polarity

The element that feeds your day master, at matching polarity, which makes the feeding indirect and a little strange. Its other name is the owl.

Working well: Unusual intelligence. Specialists, researchers, and anyone whose expertise is too narrow to explain at a party.

Working badly: Feeding that does not nourish. Study as avoidance, and a suspicion of the ordinary that isolates.

正印 Zheng Yin

Direct Resource

Resource · Yin Water · opposing polarity

The same nourishment at opposing polarity, which makes it direct and unconditional: the mother character, the teacher, the credential, the roof.

Working well: Protection and real learning. Charts carrying it are hard to genuinely damage.

Working badly: Support that never stops, and a person who is always preparing.

The full table

Find your day master down the left, then read across to any stem you want to identify. All hundred cells are computed from the same engine that runs the calculator, so this table and your chart cannot disagree.

The ten gods: each day master read against each of the ten heavenly stems.
Day master Jia Yi Bing Ding Wu Ji Geng Xin Ren Gui
Jia Yang Wood 比肩 Bi Jian 劫财 Jie Cai 食神 Shi Shen 伤官 Shang Guan 偏财 Pian Cai 正财 Zheng Cai 七杀 Qi Sha 正官 Zheng Guan 偏印 Pian Yin 正印 Zheng Yin
Yi Yin Wood 劫财 Jie Cai 比肩 Bi Jian 伤官 Shang Guan 食神 Shi Shen 正财 Zheng Cai 偏财 Pian Cai 正官 Zheng Guan 七杀 Qi Sha 正印 Zheng Yin 偏印 Pian Yin
Bing Yang Fire 偏印 Pian Yin 正印 Zheng Yin 比肩 Bi Jian 劫财 Jie Cai 食神 Shi Shen 伤官 Shang Guan 偏财 Pian Cai 正财 Zheng Cai 七杀 Qi Sha 正官 Zheng Guan
Ding Yin Fire 正印 Zheng Yin 偏印 Pian Yin 劫财 Jie Cai 比肩 Bi Jian 伤官 Shang Guan 食神 Shi Shen 正财 Zheng Cai 偏财 Pian Cai 正官 Zheng Guan 七杀 Qi Sha
Wu Yang Earth 七杀 Qi Sha 正官 Zheng Guan 偏印 Pian Yin 正印 Zheng Yin 比肩 Bi Jian 劫财 Jie Cai 食神 Shi Shen 伤官 Shang Guan 偏财 Pian Cai 正财 Zheng Cai
Ji Yin Earth 正官 Zheng Guan 七杀 Qi Sha 正印 Zheng Yin 偏印 Pian Yin 劫财 Jie Cai 比肩 Bi Jian 伤官 Shang Guan 食神 Shi Shen 正财 Zheng Cai 偏财 Pian Cai
Geng Yang Metal 偏财 Pian Cai 正财 Zheng Cai 七杀 Qi Sha 正官 Zheng Guan 偏印 Pian Yin 正印 Zheng Yin 比肩 Bi Jian 劫财 Jie Cai 食神 Shi Shen 伤官 Shang Guan
Xin Yin Metal 正财 Zheng Cai 偏财 Pian Cai 正官 Zheng Guan 七杀 Qi Sha 正印 Zheng Yin 偏印 Pian Yin 劫财 Jie Cai 比肩 Bi Jian 伤官 Shang Guan 食神 Shi Shen
Ren Yang Water 食神 Shi Shen 伤官 Shang Guan 偏财 Pian Cai 正财 Zheng Cai 七杀 Qi Sha 正官 Zheng Guan 偏印 Pian Yin 正印 Zheng Yin 比肩 Bi Jian 劫财 Jie Cai
Gui Yin Water 伤官 Shang Guan 食神 Shi Shen 正财 Zheng Cai 偏财 Pian Cai 正官 Zheng Guan 七杀 Qi Sha 正印 Zheng Yin 偏印 Pian Yin 劫财 Jie Cai 比肩 Bi Jian

The diagonal is always 比肩, since every stem stands where it stands. Read a row and you will find all ten gods present exactly once: every day master meets the whole set.

Read on a real chart

The same public chart used elsewhere on this site: Elon Musk, born June 28, 1971. Birth time unpublished, so this is an honest three-pillar chart and the hour is simply absent rather than guessed. His day master is Jia Wood, so every other stem is labeled against that.

Pillar Stem Relation to the day master Ten god
year Xin Yin Metal the element that disciplines your day master 正官 Zheng GuanDirect Officer
month Jia Yang Wood your own element, standing where you stand 比肩 Bi JianPeer
day Jia Yang Wood this is the day master itself

Two things are worth noticing, and neither is a prediction. The month stem is the day master's own element at its own polarity, which is 比肩, and a Peer sitting in the month is the classical picture of someone who competes in the arena they were raised in. The year stem is Metal against Wood at matching polarity, which is 七杀, the harshest label in the set and the one the tradition associates with adversarial pressure and with people who work best when something is coming for them.

Whether those are assets depends entirely on how much support the day master has, which is a separate calculation with a separate answer. This chart scores weak, and a weak day master reads Seven Killings very differently from a strong one. That arithmetic is worked start to finish on the day master page, and every weight it uses is published in the calculation methodology.

What this does not tell you

A ten-god label is a position, not a verdict. It says what a character does to your day master, and says nothing at all about whether you want that done. The same 伤官 that wrecks one chart is the entire career in another, and the difference is not the god, it is what the chart was short of to begin with.

Readings that hand out fortunes on the strength of a god alone are reading half the system. The classical order is fixed and it is the order this site follows: find the day master, weigh it, then read the gods against that weight. Skip the middle step and the vivid names do all the work, which is how Rob Wealth and Seven Killings came to sound like sentences rather than mechanisms.

This page also follows one school. The day-master method set out in the Yuanhai Ziping is the mainstream, but pattern-school practice weights the same ten gods differently, and charts near the follower structures are read by rules this summary does not cover.

Questions people ask

What are the ten gods in bazi?

The ten gods are the ten possible relationships between your day master and any other character in your chart. There are only five underlying relations, because there are only five elements: a character can be your own element, the element that feeds you, the element you pour into, the element you spend yourself on, or the element that disciplines you. Each of those five then splits in two depending on whether the character matches your polarity or opposes it, which gives ten. They are not deities and nothing is being worshipped; god here translates 神, which in this context means something closer to agent or animating factor.

What is the difference between the ten gods and my day master?

Your day master is one character, the stem of your day pillar, and it represents you. The ten gods are not characters at all, they are relationships. Every other stem and hidden stem in your chart gets labeled with the role it plays toward your day master. Change the day master and every label changes, which is why the same character can be Direct Wealth in one chart and Seven Killings in another.

Why do the same five relations produce ten names?

Polarity. Each of the ten heavenly stems is either yang or yin, and the tradition holds that a relationship between two characters of the same polarity behaves differently from one between opposites. Same polarity repels, so the interaction is uneven, blunt, and forceful; opposing polarity attracts, so it binds and behaves properly. That is why the discipline relation gives Seven Killings when the polarity matches and Direct Officer when it does not. It is one relation, met two ways.

Which of the ten gods are good and which are bad?

None of them are either, and treating them that way is the most common mistake in popular readings. The ten gods describe what a character does, not whether the outcome is welcome. Whether a given god helps you depends on your day master's strength, which decides what your chart is short of. A weak day master is undone by Seven Killings and rescued by Direct Resource; a strong one finds the same Seven Killings to be the making of it. Names like Rob Wealth and Hurting Officer are vivid, but they are labels for a mechanism, not a forecast.

Where do the ten gods show up in my own chart?

On every stem except the day stem itself, and inside every branch, because each branch conceals one to three hidden stems that also take a label. Your life chart on this site prints the five relation groups against each pillar and each scored year. This page is the definition of what those labels mean.

Are the ten gods the same as the Chinese zodiac?

No, and they answer a different kind of question. Your zodiac animal comes from the branch of your birth year, one of twelve, and it describes a character. The ten gods are relational and describe a position: they only exist between two characters, and the same stem carries a different one for every possible day master. The zodiac tells you what you are; the ten gods tell you what everything else is to you.

Sources

  • • 《渊海子平》 (Yuanhai Ziping, Song-dynasty compilation), the founding manual of the day-master method and the source of the ten-god relations and their polarity split: source
  • • 《三命通会》 (Sanming Tonghui, Wan Minying, Ming dynasty), the most comprehensive traditional treatment of the individual ten gods and their combinations: source
  • • 韦千里《千里命稿》 (Wei Qianli, Qianli Minggao, 1935), the Republican-era textbook this site follows for reading the gods against day-master strength: source
  • • Heavenly Stems (the ten stems, their elements, and their yang/yin polarity), Wikipedia: source

The character being read

Your day master

The ten gods are all relative to one character. Find out which one is yours, and how much support it has.

The full chart

Your bazi life chart

See these relations printed against every pillar and every scored year of your life.

Everything, in the open

Calculation methodology

Every weight, threshold, and table this site uses, written out and versioned.

When, not what

Luck pillars vs. zodiacal releasing

The gods say what a character does. The luck pillars say when it gets its turn.

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